Common Interference Sources

• Microwave ovens (2.4GHz interference when running)
• Cordless phones (2.4GHz DECT phones)
• Baby monitors
• Bluetooth devices
• Neighbouring Wi-Fi networks on same channel
• Fluorescent lights
• Wireless security cameras
• USB 3.0 devices and cables

Test for Interference

• Note when disconnections occur
• Does it happen when microwave runs?
• Does it happen at specific times of day?
• Only in certain rooms?
• Pattern indicates likely source

Physical Barriers

• Walls (plasterboard: minor, brick: moderate, concrete: severe)
• Floors and ceilings
• Large metal objects (filing cabinets, refrigerators)
• Water (aquariums, pipes, radiators)
• Move router to reduce barriers between it and devices

Switch to 5GHz Band

• 5GHz less crowded than 2.4GHz
• Not affected by microwaves or most cordless phones
• Shorter range but faster and more stable
• Connect close devices to 5GHz
• Use 2.4GHz only for distant devices

Change Wi-Fi Channel

• Use Wi-Fi analyser app to see neighbour networks
• Identify least congested channel
• Router settings, Wireless, Channel selection
• 2.4GHz: Use channel 1, 6, or 11 (non-overlapping)
• 5GHz: Auto channel selection usually best
• Save and test connection stability

Update Router Firmware

• Log into router settings
• Administration or System tab
• Click "Check for updates" or "Firmware update"
• Install if available
• Router reboots (5-10 minutes)
• Firmware updates fix connection stability bugs

Power Cycle Router and Modem

• Unplug router power cable
• Unplug modem power cable
• Wait 30 seconds
• Plug modem back in, wait for lights to stabilise
• Plug router back in, wait for full boot
• Test connection stability

Adjust Router Transmit Power

• Some routers allow power adjustment
• Advanced settings, Transmit Power or TX Power
• If too high, can cause issues with close devices
• If too low, distant devices drop
• Try 75% or 80% instead of 100%
• Test with problem device

Disable Band Steering (If Available)

• Band steering auto-switches devices between 2.4GHz and 5GHz
• Can cause connection drops during switching
• Disable in router wireless settings
• Create separate 2.4GHz and 5GHz network names
• Manually connect devices to preferred band

Enable QoS (Quality of Service)

• Prevents bandwidth hogging causing drops
• Router settings, QoS or Traffic Management
• Enable QoS
• Set priority for video calls, gaming, or work devices
• Ensures stable connection for priority devices

Reduce Connected Device Count

• Too many devices overwhelm older routers
• Disconnect unused smart home devices
• Turn off Wi-Fi on devices not in use
• Use wired Ethernet for stationary devices
• Consider router upgrade if 30+ devices

Update Device Network Drivers (Windows)

• Device Manager, Network adapters
• Right-click Wi-Fi adapter
• Update driver
• Search automatically for drivers
• Restart computer after update

Disable Power Saving for Wi-Fi Adapter (Windows)

• Device Manager, Network adapters
• Right-click Wi-Fi adapter, Properties
• Power Management tab
• Uncheck "Allow computer to turn off this device"
• Click OK
• Prevents Windows disabling Wi-Fi to save power

Forget and Reconnect to Network

Windows:

• Settings, Network & Internet, Wi-Fi
• Manage known networks
• Click network, Forget
• Reconnect and enter password

Mac:

• Wi-Fi icon, Network Settings
• Advanced
• Remove network from list
• Reconnect to network

iPhone/iPad:

• Settings, Wi-Fi
• Tap (i) next to network
• Forget This Network
• Reconnect

Reset Network Settings (Mobile Devices)

iPhone:

• Settings, General, Transfer or Reset iPhone
• Reset, Reset Network Settings
• Enter passcode
• Reconnect to Wi-Fi after reset

Android:

• Settings, System, Reset options
• Reset Wi-Fi, mobile & Bluetooth
• Confirm reset
• Reconnect to networks

Disable VPN Temporarily

• VPNs sometimes cause connection drops
• Disable VPN and test connection
• If stable without VPN, VPN is culprit
• Try different VPN server
• Or use different VPN protocol (OpenVPN vs WireGuard)

Check for IP Address Conflicts

• Command Prompt: ipconfig (Windows) or ifconfig (Mac)
• Note IP address
• If shows 169.254.x.x: DHCP failure
• Run: ipconfig /release then ipconfig /renew
• If normal IP but still drops, continue troubleshooting

Change DNS Servers

• DNS issues can cause apparent disconnections
• Network adapter settings, Properties
• Internet Protocol Version 4
• Use these DNS servers: 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4 (Google)
• Or 1.1.1.1 and 1.0.0.1 (Cloudflare)
• Click OK and test

Disable IPv6

• IPv6 implementation issues cause drops on some networks
• Network adapter properties
• Uncheck Internet Protocol Version 6 (TCP/IPv6)
• Click OK
• Test connection stability

Check Router Temperature

• Overheating routers drop connections
• Touch router - should be warm not hot
• Ensure ventilation slots clear
• Don't stack items on top of router
• Place in open area with airflow
• If consistently hot, router may be failing

Factory Reset Router (Last Resort)

• Hold reset button on router for 10-30 seconds
• Router lights flash and restart
• Resets to factory defaults
• Must reconfigure Wi-Fi name, password, all settings
• Only if all other fixes failed

Hardware Issues

Router failing:

• Random reboots
• Drops affecting all devices
• Overheating
• Age over 5 years
• Consider replacement

Device Wi-Fi card failing:

• Only one device affected
• Other networks also drop
• Physical damage to device
• May need Wi-Fi card replacement or USB Wi-Fi adapter

Prevention Tips

• Keep router firmware updated
• Restart router monthly
• Keep router in open, well-ventilated area
• Regularly update device drivers
• Use quality router (not ISP-provided if possible)
• Monitor connected device count
• Use wired connections for desktop PCs